Comparative Analysis of Population Growth and Wheat Production in the Republic of Uzbekistan and the People's Republic of China

Abstract

of Uzbekistan and the People's Republic of China, the demand for food products is increasing. This article presents an analysis of demographic growth and the growth of population demand for wheat grain in Uzbekistan and China based on descriptive and scientific data. In Uzbekistan, the population increased from 4.4 million to 37.8 million during 1920-2024, and in China from 527.2 million in 1950 to 1,416.333 million today. As a result, the demand for food products has increased.

After independence in 1991, wheat became the second most important crop after cotton as part of a national “Self-sufficiency” campaign in Uzbekistan. Consequently, irrigated wheat area increased significantly from 0,63 million ha in 1991 to 1,1 million ha in 2025. During this period, average yield increased from 1,34 to 79,8 causing total production to increase from 0,95 million tons to 8,7 million tons. According to the data obtained in 2023/2024, the area of wheat cultivation in the People's Republic of China was 23,627 thousand hectares, the total yield was 136,946 thousand tons, and the average yield was equal to 5.81 t/ha.

According to the data of the Scientific Research work which held at the condition of Uzbekistan the yield potential of winter wheat varieties “Sharof-100”, “Asr ilgisi”, “Khamkor”, “Baraka” in the climatic conditions of Uzbekistan is 8.5-9.0 t/ha, “Ultra”, “Grad”, “Oq yor”, “Risq”, “Qora Daryo”, “Nodir”, “Ravnaq” varieties have the possibility of yielding 10.0-10.5 t/ha. These varieties are noted as strong and valuable varieties according to technological quality indicators of grain.